CONSTRUCTION DELAY ANALYSIS SIMPLIFIED -THE SOUTH AFRICAN EDITION – A Step-by-Step Guide for the Analysis and Formulation of Delay Claims

CONTENTS VII
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF TABLES xi
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS XII
CHAPTER 1 1
PURPOSE 1
INTRODUCTION 1
WHY A QUICK AND EASY GUIDE FOR DELAY ANALYSIS? 2
HOW THIS GUIDE CAN HELP YOU 4
HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE 5
CHAPTER 2 8
DELAYS – THE BASICS 8
WHAT IS A CONSTRUCTION DELAY? 8
WHAT IS A CONSTRUCTION DISRUPTION? 8
TYPES OF DELAYS 9
EXCUSABLE DELAYS 10
CRITICAL DELAYS 10
COMPENSABLE DELAYS 11
CONCURRENT DELAYS 11
FLOAT 17
THE PREVENTION PRINCIPLE 19
CHAPTER 3 21
CAUSES OF DELAY 21
INTRODUCTION 21
PREDOMINANT CAUSES OF DELAY 22
SHORTAGE OF MATERIALS 25
UNFORESEEN SITE CONDITIONS 26
DELAYS IN THE ISSUING OF PERMITS BY AUTHORITIES 26
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS 27
INCLEMENT WEATHER 27
ACTS OF GOD 28
LABOUR DISPUTES AND STRIKES 29
CIVIL DISTURBANCES 29
LATE PAYMENT OF THE CONTRACTOR 30
CHANGE ORDERS 30
DELAYS IN DESIGN INFORMATION 31
DELAYED APPROVAL OF DRAWINGS/SAMPLES 32
LATE HAND OVER OF THE SITE 32
DESIGN QUALITY/INCOMPLETE DRAWINGS 33
CHAPTER 4 34
DELAY ANALYSIS 34
INTRODUCTION 34
CAUSE AND EFFECT 35
DELAY ANALYSIS – TIME OF APPLICATION 36
NON-CRITICAL PATH TECHNIQUES 37
S-curve 37
Global Impact 37
Net Impact 37
CRITICAL PATH TECHNIQUES 38
As-planned vs as-built 38
Impacted as-planned 40
Collapsed as-built 42
Window analysis 44
Time-impact analysis 46
DELAY ANALYSIS METHODS – HOW TO CHOOSE 48
CHAPTER 5 52
QUICK & EASY DELAY ANALYSIS METHOD 52
THE NEED FOR A NEW METHOD 52
IT IS ALL ABOUT DECISIONS 52
METHODOLOGY 53
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW METHOD 54
THE NEW METHOD – FIVE SIMPLE STEPS 57
Step 1 – Does the claim comply with contractual conditions? 59
Step 2 – Is the delay excusable (Employer’s risk)? 60
Step 3 – Is the delay critical? 61
Step 4 – Is the delay compensable 61
Step 5 – Calculate compensation 62
DELAY CLAIM FORMULATION 62
Section 1 – Describe the delay 62
Section 2 – The right to claim 63
Section 3 – Compliance with contractual provisions 64
Section 4 – The Impact on the completion date 64
Section 5 – Compensation calculation 64
Section 6 – Request 65
CHAPTER 6 66
JBCC – DECISION SUPPORT FRAMEWORK 66
INTRODUCTION 66
STEP 1 – ACCESS CONTRACTUAL COMPLIANCE 67
STEP 2 – IS THE DELAY EXCUSABLE? 73
STEP 3 – IS THE DELAY CRITICAL? 76
STEP 4 – IS THE DELAY COMPENSABLE? 81
CHAPTER 7 84
FIDIC – DECISION SUPPORT FRAMEWORK 84
INTRODUCTION 84
STEP 1- ASSESS CONTRACTUAL COMPLIANCE 84
STEP 2 – IS THE DELAY EXCUSABLE? 88
STEP 3 – IS THE DELAY CRITICAL? 101
STEP 4 – IS THE DELAY COMPENSABLE? 104
CHAPTER 8 109
DELAYS CAUSED BY A PANDEMIC 109
INTRODUCTION 109
RISK ALLOCATION 109
CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS & PANDEMICS 110
PANDEMICS AS EXCUSABLE DELAYS 112
PANDEMICS AS FORCE MAJEURE 113
PANDEMICS – CLAIM ANALYSIS 117
PANDEMICS – JBCC 121
JBCC – Pandemic as force majeure 121
JBCC – Pandemic as excusable delay 124
JBCC – Financial consequences of pandemics 126
PANDEMICS – FIDIC 127
PANDEMICS – IMPORTANT STEPS 131
CHAPTER 9 135
CONCLUSION 135
INTRODUCTION 135
HOW TO USE THIS METHOD TO AVOID DISPUTES 135
BENEFITS OF THE NEW DELAY ANALYSIS METHOD 137
NOTES 138
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 139