R1820,00 Incl. VAT
| Weight | 1000 g |
|---|---|
| Author | Gerry Bye- Edited by Paul Livesey Technical editor Leslie Struble |
| Publisher | ICE Publishing |
| ISBN Number | 9780727736116 |
| Edition | Third |
| Year | 2011 |
Contents
Preface ix
Units xi
Introduction and composition of Portland cement 1
P. Livesey
1.1. Introduction 1
1.2. Composition of Portland cement 4
1.3. Polymorphism and solid solution in clinker compounds 8
1.4. Minor clinker compounds 12
Selected references 12
Further reading 12
Raw materials 13
P. Livesey and P. del Strother
2.1. Raw materials 13
2.2. Proportioning of raw materials 17
2.3. Reactivity of the raw materials 21
2.4. Physical properties of raw materials 25
Selected references 25
Further reading 26
Production of cement clinker 27
P. del Strother
3.1. Introduction 27
3.2. Preparation of kiln feed 28
3.3. Pyroprocessing: principal manufacturing processes 30
3.4. Pyroprocessing: physical and chemical processes involved 37
3.5. Thermal efficiency of pyroprocessing 44
Selected references 47
Further reading 47
Characterisation of Portland cement clinker 49
P. Livesey
4.1. Introduction 49
4.2. Chemical analysis by selective dissolution 49
4.3. Optical microscopy 50
4.4. X-ray diffraction 54
4.5. Electron microscopy 57
4.6. Concluding remarks 59
Selected references 59
Further reading 60
Grinding and fineness of cement 61
P. Livesey and P. del Strother
5.1. Cement milling 61
5.2. Fineness of cement 66
Selected references 72
Further reading 72
Tests of cement quality 73
P. Livesey
6.1. Introduction 73
6.2. Chemical composition 75
6.3. Setting times 75
6.4. Compressive strength 75
6.5. Workability 78
6.6. Soundness 80
6.7. Heat of hydration 82
6.8. Concluding remarks – durability of concrete 84
Selected references 85
Further reading 87
The hydration of Portland cement 89
L. Struble
7.1. Introduction 89
7.2. Hydration of the individual phases in Portland cement 95
7.3. Hydration of Portland cement 112
7.4. Hydration at elevated temperatures 116
7.5. Concluding remarks 118
Selected references 120
Further reading 121
The nature of hardened cement paste 123
L. Struble
8.1. Microstructure of hardened cement paste 123
8.2. Surface area and porosity of hardened cement paste 128
8.3. Physical properties of hardened cement paste 135
8.4. Nature of the solid-solid bond in hardened cement paste 148
8.5. Modelling microstructure-physical property development in hydrating paste 150
8.6. Concluding remarks 150
Selected references 151
Futher reading 152
Portland cements and related blended cements 153
L. Struble
9.1. Introduction 153
9.2. Type 1 and related Portland cements 153
9.3. Cements with mineral constituents 161
9.4. Pozzolanic materials 162
9.5. Blastfurnace slag and blastfurnace slag cements 173
9.6. Problems in specification of blended cements 177
Selected references 181
Further reading 183
Admixtures and special cements 185
L. Struble
10.1. Admixtures 185
10.2. Oilwell cements 188
10.3. Calcium aluminate cement 188
10.4. Alkali-activated slag and aluminosilicate cements 190
10.5. Calcium sulfoaluminate cements 191
Selected references 194
Further reading 195
Environmental impact of cement manufacture 197
/. Walpole
11.1. Introduction 197
11.2. Emissions to air 198
11.3. Water 203
11.4. Environmental aspects of alternative fuels 204
11.5. Environmental monitoring 205
11.6. Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprinting 205
Selected references 206
Further reading 206
Pore size distribution from an adsorption isotherm 207
Selected references 208
Index 209
